EU Competition Law: Leniency Programmes v Private Enforcement

​​I. Introduction

Cartels, violating Article 101 TFEU¹⁾¹⁾The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, OJ 2010 C 83/47, hereinafter TFEU., are combated on different levels: On the one side, by public or private enforcement of competition rules, and, on the other side, by incentives to whistle-blow a cartel (leniency programmes).